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Pioneer Date Summary
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05/23/1847 - Crockett Date: May 23, 1847 On the North Platte River, Nebraska:
During the morning, the men spent their time washing, baking
and exploring. Brigham Young, other members of the Twelve, and
some others in the pioneer company climbed to the top of two
of the highest "bluff ruins" that were across from the camp.
Appleton Harmon described his hike to the top: "As I came near
the foot of the bluff, I gradually ascended until I came to the
foot of a pyramid. By going around it, I found that I could ascend
it. Fragments of rocks had broken off from near the top and laying
a confused mass, half-way down the side. I succeeded in ascending
to its summit. . . . I was here joined by three or four of the
brethren who came to visit the same scenery." Wilford Woodruff
wrote: "We had a fair view of chimney rock from where we were.
I carried a bleached buffalo bull's head on to the top & wrote
upon it with a pencil our names & distances from several places
for the benefit of the next camp." Erastus Snow added: "The scenery
is picturesque and romantic in the extreme. At a distance of
two or three miles they greatly resemble the ruins of ancient
towers and castles and pleasure grounds of noblemen." Using a
barometer, Orson Pratt estimated that the bluffs were 235 feet
above the river. They amused themselves by rolling down some
large rocks from the top of the bluffs. They also carved their
names in the bark of a lone cedar. While Nathaniel Fairbanks was exploring some bluffs, he was
bit by a rattlesnake and became sick before he returned to camp.
Howard Egan reported: "He had been up on the bluffs, and he said
he felt the effects of it all over his body. Three minutes after
he was bit he felt a pricking in his lungs." The brethren did
their best to treat him and administer to him. He soon improved.
[Brother Fairbanks and some other men had been teasing a snake,
making it mad. Within a half hour, he received his bite from
another snake.] The bugle sounded at 11:30 a.m., calling the camp together for
a Sabbath meeting. After singing and prayer, Eratus Snow spoke
followed by Brigham Young. He stated that he was satisfied that
the Lord was with them and leading them. He had never seen a
company of people more united that this camp so far. He had never
felt better in his life than he did on this journey and he felt
impressed to bless the company in the name of the Lord. He encouraged
them all to go forth in their work, that they may increase in
knowledge and understanding. He wished to teach them many things,
including how to administer sealing ordinances, but felt constrained
to only teach certain things in the house of the Lord in a stake
of Zion. He said that if all the knowledge in this camp were put together
and Joseph Smith were in their midst, he could gather the whole
amount of this knowledge and wind it around his little finger.
It they then considered the knowledge of angels, and above that,
the knowledge of the Lord, they would realize that here was much
for them to learn. "We are forming a character for eternity and have been, ever
since we received the gospel and knew the right from the wrong
way, hence how careful we should be in all our acts. . . . If
the Saints had obeyed counsel last year and let the authorities
go ahead of the main camp, there could have been two hundred
men here one year ago as easy as now, and the brethren would
not have gone in the army." He commended the men for always following
his counsel while on the road. He felt that the spirit of peace
rested upon the while camp. Several other men spoke including
Amasa Lyman and George A. Smith. Brigham Young announced that
the four bishops in the camp (Tarlton Lewis, Shadrach Roundy,
John Higbee, and Addison Everett) would administer the sacrament
on the following Sunday. He asked the brethren not to "ramble
off" and tire themselves, but to use the Sabbath as a day of
rest. The meeting was then closed. William Clayton recorded: "Awhile after meeting I walked out
with Elder Kimball a piece from the camp. We sat down and I read
to him, my journal of the last four days with which he seemed
well pleased. We then knelt down together and poured out our
souls to God for ourselves, the camp and our dear families in
Winter Quarters. While we were engaged in prayer the wind rose
suddenly from the northwest, a heavy cloud having been gathering
from the west all the afternoon. A sudden gust struck Elder Kimball's
hat and carried it off. After we got through, his hat was nowhere
in sight, but following the direction of the wind we soon saw
it at a distance on the bottom of the prairie still flying swiftly.
We both ran and chased it about three quarters of a mile and
caught it a little from the river." During this time, Thomas Bullock and Luke Johnson hiked up to
the top of the bluff that others had ascended during the morning.
Brother Bullock recorded: "While I was on the very top of the
bluff, a rattle snake challenged for battle. His rattles startled
me. I sprung over him, calling to Luke, he turned round, and
said, 'If that's the way you fight my friend, I take his [the
snake's] part in the battle.' On the way down they found a mammoth
bone partially buried in the ground. A storm gathered and the wind continued to blow hard. They quickly
did all they could do to protect the wagon bows and covers from
the furious force. The wind continued for and our and then in
rained for another hour with occasional hail. Then the temperature
dropped. Wilford Woodruff recalled tales of abrupt temperature
shifts from traders who had been in this area. He covered his
horses with blankets. During the night he got up several time
to check on them. They shivered with cold, but were fine. The
wind continued to blow all night and many of the men could not
sleep at all. Winter Quarters, Nebraska:
A meeting was held at the Winter Quarter's stand. The Saints
were instructed by Parley P. Pratt, John Taylor, John D. Lee,
Isaac Morley and John Smith. They pled to the Saints to care
for the poor. Elder Pratt questioned why Brothers David Boss
and Sessions had withheld their cattle from being used to plow
the Big Field. Brother Boss explained that his cattle were poor
and wanted them to regain their strength for the journey to the
mountains. Elder Pratt stated that no person should leave for
the mountains without first obtaining a certificate showing that
they had done their duty in plowing the Big Field. John Taylor
asked the congregation why it was that the brethren had to continually
remind them of their previous covenants. "Why don't you do it
and act honorable like men. What need is there of so much talk
day after day and Sabbath after Sabbath. Go to work . . . work
together in unity as brethren, for in unity there is strength." John D. Lee said that he, with two men, two boys, and women
had cleared, plowed, harrowed, and planted about seventy-five
acres of land at Summer Quarters. Brother Lee also said that
Brigham Young wanted his brother, John Young, to be in the next
company that starts for the mountains. Brother Lee donated ten
dollars and a yoke of oxen toward this cause. Kearny Mormon Battalion detachment, California:
The detachment arrived at the Mission of San Obispo. Company B, Mormon Battalion, at San Diego, California:
An inspection was held in the morning. Later, two cannons and some
balls were brought from the deserted marine quarters. News continued to reach the men stationed at San Diego. They
heard from a sailor that Brother Samuel Brannan had sent fourteen
loads of provisions to the brethren. The battalion also learned
discouraging news that the families of the battalion would not
be going over the mountains during the summer. The men hoped
to soon learn what the new plans were. If their families were
not to arrive soon, they wanted to be discharged to go after
their loved ones.
Azariah Smith wrote a poem that included:
Oh my home when shall I see thee, And the friends I love so well,
I do not like this barren country
But glad would bit it long farewell.
Let me hasten to the home I love so well,
On the Pacific Ocean some thousand miles from home,
Across the rocky mountains I had a cause to roam,
Enlisting for a soldier and leave my native land,
And with friends and kindred I took the parting hand.
Far from my dear Mother and Sisters I am
But by the grace of God I will see them again,
And live in Zion's city most glorious to behold,
Whose walls are made of jasper and streets of purest Gold.
Sources:
Wilford Woodruff's Journal, 3:181-82
Autobiography of John Brown, 74
Erastus Snow Journal Excerpts, Improvement Era 14:1100-01
Diary of Lorenzo Dow Young, Utah Historical Quarterly, 14:159
Diary of Charles Harper, 22
Journal of Luke S. Johnson, typescript, BYU, 8
Appleton Milo Harmon Goes West, 21-2
Watson, ed., The Orson Pratt Journals, 404-05
William Clayton's Journal, 176-80
Bagley, ed., The Pioneer Camp of the Saints, 163-64
Kelly, ed., Journals of John D. Lee, 1846-1847 and 1859, 170-71
Ward, ed., Winter Quarters, The 1846-1848 Life Writings of Mary Haskin Parker
Richards, 143
The Journal of Nathaniel V. Jones, Utah Historical Quarterly, 4:17
The Journal of Robert S. Bliss, Utah Historical Quarterly, 4:94
Bigler, The Gold Discovery Journal of Azariah Smith, 84
Source: 150
Years Ago Today
©These materials have been created by
David R. Crockett. Copies of these materials may be reproduced
for teacher and classroom use. When distributing these
materials, credit must be given to David R. Crockett. These materials
may not be published, in whole or part, or in any other
format, without the written permission of Mr. Crockett, Tucson
Az, crockett@goodnet.com.
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